So, while applying high pressure to compress the gas, temperature is keeping low to overcome with the heat released. While applying high pressure a lot of heat is evolved, which was using by the particles of gas in movement. The space between the particles of gas also decreases with increase in pressure. After applying high pressure, the particles of gas come very close to each other that they start attracting each other. When pressure is applied on the gas, its particles come closer to each other. Because of these characters gas can be compressed a lot. The force of attraction is negligible between the particles of gas. There is lot of space between the particles of gas. They move independently and rapidly in all directions. In general condition, the particles of gas are far from each other. The liquefaction of gas by increasing of pressure: On increasing more pressure gas turns into liquid. Oxygen is compressed and packed in small cylinders, which is used to save life in hospitals. Because of compression it is called Compressed Natural Gas or simply known by CNG (Compressed Natural Gas). It is used widely as fuel to running vehicles.
Natural gas is compressed to small volume and packed in cylinders. Because of this nature high compressibility, gas is transported easily after compressed to a small volume in cylinders. Large volume of gas can be compressed to a small volume. Since there is lot of space between the particles, gas is highly compressible. Gas: The volume of gas decreases with increase in pressure. liquids cannot be compressed since there is not enough space between their particles to get compressed. Liquid: There is no effect on pressure on liquid. When the pressure is increased on a solid, it is deformed and finally broken. solids cannot be compressed as there is no space between their particles which could allow compression. Solid: There is no effect of pressure on solids. These takes place because of decrease in temperature. The change of liquid into solid is called freezing. The change of gas into liquid is called condensation. This happens because of increase in temperature. The change of liquid to gas is called the vaporization. The change of solid to liquid is called melting. Water changes into vapour (a gas) at 100 0C. Water (a liquid) changes into ice (a solid) at 0 0C. In this condition the particles of liquid attain the arrangement similar to gas and liquid changes into gas. When the kinetic energy of particles of liquid and space between the particles increases and force of attraction between them decreases enough, the particles of liquid start moving with great speed. The increase in kinetic energy and space between the particles the force of attraction between particles decreases. The increase in temperature increases the kinetic energy of particles and inter-space between them increases. On heating the particles of a liquid gets more kinetic energy and they start moving more rapidly. In this condition a solid changes into liquid. When the kinetic energy of particles and space between them become similar to the liquid, the matter fulfills the condition of arrangement of particles. On the other hand heating increases the space between the particles. On heating the particles of a solid get more kinetic energy and they start moving rapidly. On further decrease in temperature water changes into ice. On decrease in temperature vapor changes into water. On further increase in temperature water changes into vapor. On increase in temperature ice changes into water. (Liquid → Solid)Įxample: Ice is solid, water is liquid and vapour is gas. liquid changes into solid by decrease in temperature.Gas changes into liquid by decrease in temperature.A liquid changes into gas by increase in temperature.
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